After filtration using a 0. The flow rate was 0. The UV detection at a wavelength of nm was applied. Peak areas were determined with Waters Millennium 32 software and resulted in an average content of C12 per tablet of This is equal to an average C12 Peptide content of mg per tablet by taken into account that the produced C12 Peptide batch contained 6. Therefore the daily intake in the C12 Peptide group was on average 3. During the first screening visit, all subjects came into an air-conditioned room.
The protocol was reviewed and written informed consent was obtained. During the whole study, BP of each subject was measured by the same nurse. Body height and weight were measured as well. Electrocardiogram ECG , physical examination, and basic clinical chemistry, hematology, and urine testing were performed to determine study eligibility as well as whether serious psychological or medical illness was present.
When subjects were eligible for inclusion in the study, they were invited back for a baseline visit. After enrollment, the study commenced with a single blind run-in period of 2 weeks in which all subjects took three placebo tablets, in the morning before breakfast and another three placebo tablets after dinner.
The subjects were randomly assigned to a double-blind intervention period of 4 weeks with either three placebo tablets, twice a day, or three tablets containing in total of 1. The intervention period was followed by a 2-week off-treatment period. During the intervention and off-treatment period, the subjects visited the clinic weekly for BP and weight measurements.
At each visit, subjects received a new bottle of pills and old bottles were returned. At the end of both the run-in period and the 4-week intervention period, baseline values of BP and body weight were measured and blood samples were drawn and urine samples were collected after an overnight fasting. At the end of the intervention period an ECG was taken.
During the whole trial, no restrictions in dietary and physical activity were given. Fasting 12 h overnight blood and urine samples were collected at baseline and at the end of the 4-week intervention period. Blood samples were analyzed for serum fat, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase glutamate pyruvate transaminase, plasma aldosterone, 20 plasma angiotensin I, 21 and angiotensin II 22 levels.
An urine reagent test strip Bayer Inc. Paired t test was used to evaluate the changes in BP and safety parameters compared to baseline. In total subjects were screened, of which 54 subjects fulfilled the enrollment criteria. During the run-in period, six subjects dropped out due to personal reasons or too difficult to comply with the study demands. In total 48 subjects were randomly assigned to either placebo or C12 Peptide treatment for 4 weeks and finished this study completely.
The subjects in the placebo group were The group consisted of four male and 20 female. The subjects of the C12 Peptide group were The group consisted of 6 men and 18 women. No significant differences were observed between the baseline characteristics of the placebo and C12 Peptide groups. One week of repeated administration of 3.
During the next 3 weeks of administration both systolic and diastolic BP decreased gradually. After 4 weeks of repeated daily administration of C12 Peptide, systolic and diastolic BP had reduced significantly by The placebo group showed a gradual decrease in both systolic and diastolic BP. After 4 weeks of repeated administration of placebo tablets, systolic and diastolic BP had reduced by 3.
The 4-week intervention period was followed by a 2-week off-treatment period. During this time, both systolic and diastolic BP returned gradually to baseline value Figs. To support C12 Peptide's mechanism of action in humans, angiotensin I, angiotensin II, and aldosterone levels were measured in blood plasma.
This is in contrast to the placebo group, which showed no significant reduction Fig. Evaluation of the urine parameters showed no values outside of the normal range. During the 4-week intervention period, adverse events such as dry cough, skin and gastrointestinal symptoms were not induced by either placebo or C12 Peptide tablets. The present study evaluated the effect of 4 weeks of repeated daily administration of C12 Peptide 3.
We found that already within 1 week, C12 Peptide reduced both systolic and diastolic BP significantly compared to baseline and was maintained for the next 3 weeks Figs. After 4 weeks of administration, systolic and diastolic BP were reduced significantly by This pattern of reduction in BP, within 2 weeks and maintained afterward, was also observed in the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension trial.
Similar reductions were observed in our study after 4 weeks of repeated administration of C12 Peptide compared to the placebo group. This shows that C12 Peptide offers an additional nutritional approach to preventing and treating hypertension, in addition to life style modifications like conscientious dietary choices with reduced salt intake and increased potassium intake, weight loss, exercise, and stress reduction.
The off-treatment period showed that in 2 weeks the BP rebounded to its baseline value Figs. Townsend et al 19 showed that, after a single daily dose of C12 Peptide, BP returned to its initial value within 24 h. This indicates that repeated daily administration of C12 Peptide is necessary to obtain a sustained efficacy, which is consistent with food derived ACE inhibitors.
Furthermore, this study shows that the time frame of the rebound effect, that is, the time to come back to baseline, becomes longer after repeated administration 2 weeks and shows a gradual increase.
In the renin-angiotensin system, ACE catalyzes the synthesis of angiotensin II, which stimulates the synthesis and secretion of aldosterone.
By using an ACE inhibitor, the synthesis of angiotensin II is reduced, which is associated with less aldosterone production. This study shows that after a 4-week intervention period, both plasma angiotensin II and aldosterone levels were reduced significantly in the C12 Peptide group compared to the placebo group Fig. To assess the safety of 4 weeks of repeated daily administration of 3. In addition to these parameters, no significant effect was observed with respect to weight and BMI.
This shows that the BP-lowering effect is induced by C12 Peptide and not, for example, by weight loss. These results show that C12 Peptide is both a safe and effective ingredient for lowering BP in humans. Bonito peptides have been shown to inhibit ACE activity, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. By inhibiting the formation of this compound, bonito peptides relax the arterial walls and reduce fluid volume supporting healthy blood pressure.
Bonito, also called katsuobushi, is a small fish commonly consumed in Asian countries. The active peptides, or isolated prepared proteins, of the bonito fish are known to support healthy blood pressure, mediated by their ability to inhibit angiotensin l-converting enzyme ACE activity, which makes them an integral component of cardiovascular support protocols.
Studies have shown that 1. In regards to some specific recommendations to lower blood pressure, for most people with high BP, achieving ideal body weight is their most important health goal.
Even modest amounts of weight loss often produce a significant reduction in blood pressure. Another key factor is salt intake. Between 40 percent and 60 percent of hypertensives are salt sensitive. In other words, in about half of patients with high BP, sodium restriction e.
Can dietary changes alone really lower blood pressure? These studies showed quite convincingly that diet alone is very effective in achieving normal blood pressure in many patients with high BP. Special foods for people with high blood pressure include celery; garlic and onions; nuts and seeds; cold-water fish, e. Home News New blood pressure study misses the mark.
IdeaXchange brought to you by. New blood pressure study misses the mark. A new study emphasizes the importance of lowering blood pressure for people with high BP but fails to explore the potential of doing so with natural approaches instead of drugs. Hide comments.
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